Mathematical model: The study shows that multicellularity can evolve without direct benefits over unicellular ancestors. In ...
Insect life-cycle polymorphism : introduction / S. Masaki and W. Wipking -- Diversity and integration of life-cycle controls in insects / H.V. Danks -- Seasonal plasticity and life-cycle adaptations ...
An updated evolutionary model shows that living systems evolve in a split-and-hit-the-gas dynamic, where new lineages appear in sudden bursts rather than during a long marathon of gradual changes.