Previous installments of this series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the output impedance and small-signal bandwidth of operational amplifier (op amp) models. In ...

A tough challenge for test engineers is explored in terms of test methods, pitfalls, and measurement errors. For the test engineer, RF and microwave power amplifier testing imposes unique challenges.

The first installment of this article series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the open- and closed-loop small-signal AC output impedance of operational amplifier ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

The data link device under test (Figure 1) is characterized by comparing test signals sent into the link with signals measured at the link output. The differences between these two test signals show ...