Innate immunity, orchestrated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) including TLRs, NLRs, and the cGAS–STING pathway, forms the foundation of host ...

Non-immune cells play a crucial and often underappreciated role in host defense against invading pathogens. Beyond serving as passive physical barriers, ...

The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defence, rapidly detecting and responding to external pathogens and internal damage. Recent advances in the field have highlighted the ...

Innate immune sensors – known as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) – detect specific molecular components of bacterial or viral intruders. The PRRs forward the signals which results in the ...

Before invaders can be stopped, they must first be detected, and this is accomplished by pattern recognition receptors located on the surface of plant cells. The ability of these receptors to detect ...