DNA to Protein - The process of converting DNA to protein involves two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, a segment of DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. In eukaryotes, this mRNA is processed by adding a 5’ cap, a poly-A tail, and splicing out introns. The mRNA then travels to the cytoplasm, where translation occurs at the ribosome. Here, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules match their anticodons to the mRNA codons, adding specific amino acids to the